Human TNF-alpha ELISA

Features

• RUO
• calibration range 7.8-500 pg/ml
• limit of detection 2.3 pg/ml
• lyophilized controls
• intra-assay CV = 6.0%
• inter-assay CV = 7.4%

Research topic

Cytokines and chemokines and related molecules, Energy metabolism and body weight regulation

Summary

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF alpha), also known as cachectin, is a polypeptide cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages. It functions as a multipotent modulator of immune response and further acts as a potent pyrogen. TNF alpha circulates throughout the body responding to stimuli (infectious agents or tissue injury), activating neutrophils, altering the properties of vascular endothelial cells, regulating metabolic activities of other tissues, as well as exhibiting tumoricidal activity by inducing localized blood clotting. TNF alpha also inhibits lipoprotein lipase activity resulting in cachexia, a physical wasting condition. Activation of B-cells by the Epstein Barr virus can be inhibited by TNF alpha. Due to its varied actions throughout the immune system, TNF alpha may play a role in the pathogenesis of many disease states. TNF alpha production is mediated by the action of lymphokines and endotoxins on the macrophage. Purified monocytes produce TNF alpha within four hours of stimulation by recombinant IL-2 and there is some in vitro evidence to suggest that TNF alpha is expressed at high levels and with prolonged kinetics in T cells stimulated by both CD2 and CD28. Secretion of TNF alpha is enhanced by gamma interferon. TNF then induces or enhances the specific production of Class I MHC antigen, GM-CSF, and IL-1. Recent evidence has suggested an intracellular role for this peptide.