PYY (Peptide YY)

PYY was isolated initially by Tatemoto et al. (1980) from the extract of pig duodenum and shown to be a polypeptide consisting of 36 amino acids residues. PYY is homologous to pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). PYY is localized mainly in endocrine cells in the intestine (ileum, colon, and rectum). PYY shows an inhibitory action on contraction of the gastrointestinal tract and on secretion of pancreatic and gastric juice. PYY is released by taking diet. The PYY level decreases after resection of the intestine, possiblly be due to the decrease in number of the endocrine cells secreting PYY.