Phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ)

The mammalian Phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) family has two closely related proteins, PLCγ1 and PLCγ2. The PLCγ isozymes have the core structure domains and a unique array of domains containing an additional PH domain, two SH2 domains and one SH3 domain. In response to extracellular stimuli, such as hormones and growth factors, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) phosphorylate and activate PLCγ. Activated PLCγ catalyzes hydrolysis of phosphatidyli­nositol 4,5– bisphosphate (PIP2) to produce the metabolic second messenger molecules inositol 1,4,5- triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).