MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, approximately 22 nucleotides in length that regulate gene translation through silencing or degradation of target mRNAs. They are involved in multiple biological processes, including differentiation and proliferation, metabolism, hemostasis, apoptosis or inflammation, and in pathophysiology of many diseases. Numerous studies have suggested circulating miRNAs as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of many diseases.
In light of the crucial role of miRNAs in regulating protein expression and biological behavior, analysis of the expression and function of miR-192-5p in the nucleotide excision repair pathway revealed its role in cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. miR-192-5p may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer cisplatin resistance. Overexpressed miR-192 was found in prostate cancer (PCa) samples compared to normal tissues and was upregulated in high-grade PCa compared to low-grade PCa. In addition higher miR-192 expression was associated with a shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival time. miR-192 promoted PCa cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. These results suggest that miR-192 may be considered as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target of PCa.
miR-192-5p is one of the most abundant microRNAs in the kidney and targets the mRNA for ATP1B1 (β1 subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase). miR-192-5p levels were significantly lower in kidney biopsy specimens from patients with hypertension or hypertensive nephrosclerosis compared with levels in controls. This suggests miR-192-5p in the kidney could protects against the development of hypertension. Both serum and urinary miR-192 could be a potential biomarker of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), playing a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of this disease. Compared with controls, the expression of miR-192 in serum is decreased, while in urine it is increased with the progression of DKD.
Regarding neuroscience, altered miR-192-5p plasma level may function as a predictive biomarker for outcome in acute ischaemic stroke patients receiving thrombolysis.
- References to miR-192-5p